La Gloire, Ironclad!

        While Allies during the years of the Crimean war by 1858 political relations between Britain and France were once more deteriorating as Emperor Napoleon III was building up a French Empire over seas and wished to dominate Europe.
        Having used steam powered ironclad barges during the Crimean war,
and with their experiments in early 1857 with rifled guns, the French decided that armor was necessary for their next class of warships.  Designed by Stanislas Dupuy de Lone the La Gloire was laid down in April 1858, at Toulon, to be launched 24 November 1859 and completed August 1860.  Originally barquentine rigged but this was later changed to a full rig.  With its completion La Gloire made obsolete the unarmored ships-of-the-line that had previously dominated the seas.  All other maritime nations would be forced to follow suit and build ironclads.  
        As French industry wasn't capable of producing sufficient iron for the hull the La Gloire's was built of wood, although the hull was sheathed in plates of iron measuring from 41/3 to 42/3 inches in thickness, as were her two sister ships.  Her active service was relatively brief due to her wooden hull deteriorated relatively swiftly as it proved to be made of unsound timber.
        This error of wooden hull in  construction continued for many years, and in the building of many ships.  This had the effect on France's ironclad program as the deterioration of the wood covered by iron plating made repairs frequent and increased expense.
 The fourth ironclad constructed by the French was theCouronne who had an unusual hull design, of multi-layered iron and wood construction.  The outer hull was 4 inches of iron covered a wooden hull of 4 inches of teak, laid over a framework of 1 1/2-inch-thick iron, over 11 inches of teak, this was covered in a final inner hull of 3/4-inch iron.  This  hull design became the standard of French naval design until later in the century when they introduced iron hulls.
        With the launch of Warrior within the year the La Gloire was obsolete.  In 1879 she was removed from the French Navy's warship lists and scrapped in 1883.  (Here sister ships were built with poor rotten timbers.  Due to this Normandie was scrapped in 1871 and Invincible in 1872.)
Statistics
 
  
sister ships:
  
          Invincible laid down Toulon May 1858, launched 4 April 1861, completed March 1862
             Normandie laid down Cherbourg 14 September 1858, launched 3 October 1860 completed 13 May 1862
    displacement           5,630 tons
    length                      256ft (77.8m)
    beam                      56ft (17m)
    draft                       28ft (8.4m)
    speed                     13 knots

    armour                    4.3-4.7" (107.7-120mm) belt
    conning tower         4" (102m)
    boilers                    8 oval boilers
    machinery               
single shaft HRCR (horizontal return), 2,500 HP
    coal  capacity          665 tons
    armament                36 x 6.4 inch(163mm) rifled muzzle-loaders model 1858/60
        refitted in 1866    8 x 9.4 inch (239m) and BL model 1864
                                   6 x 7.6 inch BL model 1866
    crew                       570